Curriculum Grade 5

Arithmetic

1. Review of addition and subtraction of 4 and 5-digit numbers using standard algorithm and various mental math strategies
2. Review of multiplication and division of 3 and 4-digit numbers using standard algorithms and various mental math strategies
3. Distributive law for multiplication and division
4. Introduction to negative numbers
   • Basic idea of a negative number: negative numbers on a number line, finding opposites, compare
   • Expanding the ideas of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division to include negative numbers
   • Negative fractions and decimals
5. Order of operations with positive and negative numbers
6. Fractions
   • Multiple strategies for comparing fractions
   • Review of addition and subtraction of fractions and subtraction with regrouping
   • Multiplication and division of fractions
   • Basic ideas of decimals: place values, rounding
   • Addition and subtraction of decimals
   • Multiplication and division of decimals
   • Introduction to percentage
7. Number Sense
   • Understanding of 6-digit numbers. Value and place value
   • Factors and multiples. Finding GCF and LCM
   • Composite and prime numbers
   • Divisibility rules
   • Advanced missing numbers puzzles

Geometry

1. Basic geometric shapes
   • Parallel and perpendicular lines
   • Triangles and their angles
   • Construction of triangles
   • Quadrilaterals and their angles
   • Solids
2. Measurement
   • Area and perimeter of rectangles and composite shapes
   • Volume of cuboids and word problems involving volume
3. Development of spatial and geometric thinking
   • Engineering projections
   • Nets of solids
   • Plane dissections: straight line and curved
   • Paper folding and hole punching problems
   • Advanced unicursal tracing problems

Logic

1. Methods and techniques for solving logic problems
   • Logic grids
   • Venn diagrams
   • Modeling problems on a number line
2. Nonverbal reasoning: analogies, patterns, grouping and classification of objects
3. More difficult logic problems: pigeonhole principle, fencepost error, jug problems, crossing the river problems

Word problems

1. Multi-step word problems with whole numbers
2. One step and multi-step word problems with fractions
3. Ratio
4. Percentage
5. Average
6. Motion

Pre-algebra

1. Algebraic expressions
   • Translating algebraic expressions
   • Simplifying expressions with variables by combining like terms and opening parentheses
2. Problems of Balance (introduction to equations)
3. Introduction to basic methods of solving linear equations
4. Problems of Number Codes (introduction to systems of equations)
5. Introduction to powers and exponents
6. Development of algebraic thinking: proportional reasoning, graphs, number patterns

Investigation problems and Math Olympiad

1. Various types of investigation problems
2. Math Kangaroo, Math counts and CML problems